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The Supreme Court has rejected a public records request for local court documents, ruling that the court system is not subject to the state's Public Records Act.

David Koenig requested records from the Federal Way Municipal Court, including records related to the resignation of Judge Colleen Hartl and correspondence to and from presiding Federal Way Municipal Court Judge Michael Morgan. The City of Federal Way provided 183 pages of documents but refused to provide Judge Morgan’s correspondence. The City asserted that the court was not subject to the Public Records Act, which gives the public access to documents held by government agencies. The trial court agreed, and Koenig appealed to the Supreme Court.

The Supreme Court today, with Justice Susan Owens writing the 6-3 majority, upheld the trial court. The court reaffirmed its ruling in Nast v. Michels (1986), in which the court held that the PRA does not apply to court case files because the judiciary is not included in the PRA's definition of “agency.” Koenig had argued that Nast only applied narrowly to internal case files, but should not be extended to administrative court records. The court disagreed. Justice Owens wrote: “This court has already ruled on the issue of whether the judiciary is subject to the PRA, and Koenig has not demonstrated that the established rule is incorrect and harmful. Therefore, we affirm the trial court’s holding that the PRA does not require the City to release the requested judicial records because the PRA does not apply to the judiciary.”

Justice Pro Tem Kevin M. Korsmo concurred in a separate opinion, writing that in his opinion Nast was decided improperly but the court was bound by its previous decisions until the legislature chooses to amend the PRA to extend to the judiciary.

Justice Debra Stephens, along with Chief Justice Alexander, dissented, arguing that court clearly fall under the statute. “In my view, Nast should be read narrowly as construing the Public Records Act (PRA) within the context of the records at issue there: court case files. Accordingly, it does not bind us to an interpretation of the current act, chapter 42.56 RCW, that categorically excludes the judicial branch of government from the mandate for open government. Because I believe our branch of government is an ‘agency’ subject to the strictures of the PRA, I respectfully dissent.”

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Tomorrow the Supreme Court will issue a ruling that could result in the most significant expansion of the state’s Public Records Act since the act was adopted in 1973. The issue in City of Federal Way v. Koenig, No. 82288-3, is whether some or all court records are subject to disclosure under the Public Records Act.

David Koenig requested records related to the resignation of Federal Way Municipal Court Judge Colleen Hartl and correspondence of Judge Michael Morgan. The city determined that several court records were not disclosable. The King County Superior Court agreed, relying primarily on the case of Nast v. Michels (1986), where the Supreme Court held that courts are not “agencies” under the Public Records Act. Mr. Koenig argues that Nast applied in a limited fashion to case files, but does not exempt a court’s administrative records.

Also up for tomorrow: Post v. City of Tacoma, No. 80684-5 (whether a city’s assessments of monetary penalties for building code violations constituted “land use decisions” subject to the Land Use Petition Act) and State v. King, No. 80948-8 (whether a policy officer was justified in stopping a motorcyclist outside the officer’s jurisdiction when the officer observed the traveling motorcyclist stand momentarily on his foot pegs, look at a vehicle next to him, and accelerate away at high speed).

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On this podcast we discuss education funding litigation, whether court administrative records should be public, and gun-toting minors.

Supreme Court of Washington Podcast (RSS) - Court records & minors with guns.

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Argument recap of Morgan v. Federal Way & Tacoma News, Inc., No. 81556-9 & Koenig v. Federal Way, No. 82288-3.

Two cases argued today before the Supreme Court of Washington present a significant question about public access to court records and could result in a major expansion of the state’s Public Records Act (chap. 42.56 RCW).

The Morgan case involves a complaint filed by an employee of the Federal Way Municipal Court alleging a hostile workplace environment. The City of Federal Way hired attorney Amy Stephson to investigate the allegation. Judge Michael Morgan was the focus of the investigation. The News Tribune filed a public record request for Stephson’s report of investigation. Federal Way determined that the report should be released, and Judge Morgan filed suit against the city, seeking to bar disclosure of the report. The News Tribune also intervened. In March 2008, a trial court determined that the document was subject to the Public Records Act, and could be released to The News Tribune.

In a separate case, David Koenig filed a request for records, including records related to the resignation of Federal Way Municipal Court Judge Colleen Hartl, and correspondence of Judge Morgan. The city determined that several court records were not disclosable, asserting that the municipal court is not subject to the Public Records Act. The King County Superior Court agreed, relying primarily on the case of Nast v. Michels, 107 Wn.2d 300 (1986).

The Public Records Act question in both Morgan and Koenig is whether courts fall under the Act’s broad mandate for disclosure of public records. Generally, a “public record” is a writing related to the conduct of government, which is prepared, owned, used, or retained by any state or local agency. In Nast, the Supreme Court held that courts are not “agencies” under the Public Records Act, and that court case files are not subject to disclosure under the PRA.

Judge Morgan argues that the Stephson report is a court record concerning a municipal court judge and is thereby not subject to the PRA. In the other case, Mr. Koenig argues that Nast applied in a limited fashion to case files, but does not exempt a court’s administrative records.

The Office of the Attorney General filed amicus curiae briefs in both cases. In Morgan, the Attorney General argued that the Stephson report falls under the PRA, and disputed Morgan’s claim that the report would be exempt from disclosure under attorney-client privilege or work product. In Koenig, the Attorney General took a more moderate approach, cautioning against a blanket rule on whether courts are “public agencies” under the PRA, and suggesting that the court should offer guidance for when administrative records might be available.

Another wild card in these cases: Justices Sanders and Madsen were both recused, with Judge Joel Penoyar and Judge Kevin Korsmo sitting in as Justices Pro Tem. Justice Sanders has been a consistent vote for open government, and Justice Madsen frequently rules for disclosure, though usually approaching public records cases contextually. I won’t venture a guess on the impact of the two pro tem justices.

The Supreme Court’s ruling in these cases will likely be the final word for some time, considering the fact that the Washington Legislature has not offered any significant clarification on issue in the twenty-two years since the Nast decision.

Video of the arguments after the jump.

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Today the Court will hear four cases, two in the morning session and two in the afternoon. Public records are the big topic of the day, with two cases on the docket about the applicability of the Public Records Act to court records. (Docket, case briefs)

In the morning session, starting at 9:00 a.m., the Court will hear:

State v. Bobenhouse, No. 81413-9. This case is on appeal from Division Three Court of Appeals, and originated in Asotin County. It concerns whether a person can be charged as an accomplice to a crime when the principle actors in the crime are children, and thus legally incapable of committing a crime. Bobenhouse also objects to the jury's failure to specify which act in a sequence of acts was the basis for the charges against him.

Bobenhouse was convicted of three counts of first degree child rape and two counts of first degree incest for raping his son and forcing his son and daughter to commit sexual acts with each other while they were between the ages of 4 and 8. He is appealing his convictions on the grounds that the children were not capable of either criminal rape or incest, being close in age and under 8 years old, and so he cannot be liable as an accomplice. The Court of Appeals upheld his convictions, stating that his culpability is based on "forcing innocent people...to engage in conduct that would constitute a crime if [he] engaged in the same conduct."

In re S. Richard Hicks, No. 200,606-0. This case is an appeal of a recommendation by the Washington State Bar Association to discipline Attorney Richard Hicks with a two-year suspension for misconduct. The misconduct included making an "inaccurate and incomplete" statement to the Bar about his commingling of client funds. The questions before the Court are whether Hicks was ethically obligated to reveal his handling of the funds, and whether the two-year suspension levied by the Bar was excessive.

In the afternoon session, starting at 1:30 p.m., the Court will hear:

Morgan v. Federal Way, et al., No. 81556-9. This case arose when Judge Michael Morgan (Federal Way Municipal Court) filed a petition with the King County Superior Court to prevent the City of Federal Way from releasing an internal investigation report to The News Tribune. The issue before the court is whether such a report is exempt from the Public Records Act because it is attorney work product or protected by an attorney-client relationship.

The report was prepared by an attorney, Amy Stephson, hired by the city to investigate a complaint of a hostile work environment at the municipal court. The News Tribune requested a copy of the report under the Public Records Act, and Judge Morgan filed a petition to prevent its disclosure. He argued that it was protected by the work product and attorney-client privilege exemptions to the Act, and by a general "separation of powers" that prevents the Act from being applied to judicial documents. The Superior Court disagreed, finding that the Act was applicable because the report was commissioned by and in the possession of the City (a non-judicial entity), and that the report did not fall under any of the claimed exemptions.

Federal Way v. David Koenig, No. 82288-3. This case is a direct appeal from a King County Superior Court order finding that the Public Records Act does not apply to the Federal Way Municipal Court. The issue before the court is whether some or all court records are subject to the Public Records Act. 

David Koenig filed a number of public records requests with the Federal Way Municipal Court, including records related to the resignation of Judge Colleen Hart. The city attorney asked for a ruling that the Municipal Court is not subject to the Public Records Act. The Superior Court granted the motion, relying on Nast v. Michels. (107 Wn.2d 300) But the trial court judge acknowledged that the issue of the PRA"s applicability to court records is generally in doubt, and encouraged Koenig to appeal directly to the supreme court.

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